The growing demand for agricultural output, which is needed to feed the growing human population, puts a massive pressure on agriculture practices. While the use of chemicals, such as herbicides and pesticides, proved very efficient in increasing agricultural production, its negative impacts on both natural and human-modified ecosystems are immense.  Thus, more environmentally friendly solutions are needed.  Among these, the use of natural enemies for biological control of pests is repeatedly explored. In a set of projects, we explore how natural enemies, such as bats and predatory arthropods, can be used as biological control agents in desert and Mediterranean agroecosystems.  More specifically, we test whether landscape complexity, spatial context and the natural enemies’ behavior can affect the efficiency of using them, for biological control.  Furthermore, we test experimentally whether manipulation of their behavior can enhance their service.